76% of calls were regarding children 12 years old and younger. Exposures to children under 6 were associated with exploratory behavior accessing improperly stored medications. 6-12 year olds exposures were most often associated with therapeutic errors giving wrong doses. Exposures among 13-19 year olds were intentional abuse or attempted suicides resulting in serious outcomes than those among younger age groups.
60% of called in exposures did not receive treatment in a healthcare facility, 25% of those exposed did seek healthcare and were evaluated, treated, and released. 6% of those exposed were admitted to hospital for medical treatment and there were 3 deaths. About 28% of exposures had clinical effects reported such as 11% with agitation and irritability, 10% with rapid heart rate, 3% with lethargy and drowsiness, 3% with high blood pressure, and 2% with vomiting. 45% of exposures were to amphetamine and methylphenidate medications.
Pediatric exposure to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications is increasing as use of ADHD medication rises, affecting children of all ages. Majority of the exposures are preventable, parents need to be more diligent in storing and administering the medications properly if they are going to permit their children to be prescribed them, as well as monitor their children more carefully, especially in regards to taking any medications. Strategies change with age to prevent accidental and intentional exposure, but there is always as risk, it can’t be stressed enough the importance of proper administration, storage, and monitoring of any medications.
